![]() These previous efforts have shown that the hyporheic zone is a modulator for most metabolic stream processes and serves as a refuge and habitat for a diverse range of aquatic organisms. We elaborate on the main physical, biological, and biogeochemical drivers and processes within the hyporheic zone that have been studied by multiple scientific disciplines for almost half a century. The hyporheic zone is a ubiquitous, reactive interface between the main channel and its surrounding sediments along the river network. Rivers are important ecosystems under continuous anthropogenic stresses. Combining FO-DTS with other techniques, such as thermal infrared reflectometry (TIR) or geophysics can provide insights into the impacts that the hydrogeological characteristics of the subsurface material can have on defining exchange patterns (i.e., to inform about the existence of different components of groundwater-surface water interactions, such as groundwater discharge, interflow, and local downwelling, depending on the hydrogeology). Subsequent research has showed the potential of this technique for estimating vertical exchanges by measuring thermal profiles with a higher depth resolution, or obtaining spatial flux patterns within the shallow streambed at relatively high resolution. , enables the spatio-temporal identification of the patterns of surface water-groundwater interactions. Among the multiple thermal techniques, fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS), pioneered by Selker et al. Thehigh density of measurements provided a 3D picture of temper-ature change over time within the study reach, and would besuitable for long-term monitoring in man-made environmentssuch as constructed wetlands, recharge basins, and water-delivery channels, where a firm understanding of spatial andtemporal variation in infilt ration is imperati ve for optimalfunctioning. Due to lack of diurnal signal at depths below 0.1 m,mean temperature was better able to identify probable areas ofwater movement at depths of 0.25–0.5 m below the channel. At a depthof 0.1 m below the channel, plots of amplitude suggested areas ofadvective water movement (as confirmed by the 1D and 3Dmodels). These results are com-pared to fluid flux estimates from a one-dimensional (1D)advection-conduction model and to the results of a previousstudy that used a full three-dimensional (3D) model. However,this study demonstrates the mer its of summarizing high-resolution temperature data, obtained from a fiber optic cableinstallation at several depths within a water delivery channel, intodaily amplitudes and mean temperatures. Such computationally light analysis isoften discounted in favor of more complex models. I'd say that results here are a lot better than losing 2500-3000 nine of out ten times.Time-series temperature data can be summarized toprovide valuable information on spatial variation in subsurfaceflow, using simple metrics. A good GOWIPE will always core a base - nothing we can do about that. Here are the results so far for Master III League (UPDATE: I have more defense results than this, but they are consistent with what is see here.) Generally I am fine unless an attacker does a full high quality GOWIPE. This is the base (Hypercube V2) that I am currently using: The TH also acts as a storage, but I figure it's better lose 500 DE instead of 3000. In the process, I am more than willing to sacrifice my TH, although not without a good fight. What I've figured out is that instead of making bases that will maybe win against attackers once every ten to twenty attacks, I should make a base that protects my DE as much as possible. Keep in mind that I am hanging around Master III and Master II Leagues, where almost everyone has a better base than I do. Since the update, farming bases are no longer viable, which means my low to middle TH9 base gets hammered every time my personal break time expires, almost always resulting in the loss of 2500 or 3000 DE when the storage is filled (I need 100K DE to upgrade to AQ 20). I'm sure those in the clan know that I have been slowing leveling up my AQ.
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